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量子计算机（quantum computer）利用“量子”，量子能以任何叠加而不是常规设备中的位（0或1）存在。因此，某些计算可以并行执行，并且比以前更快，从而解决目前不可企及的常规计算能力的诸多问题。量子计算机的运行速度要快几千倍，这就带来了全新的可能性，譬如，搜索大型数据库，支持化学或物理模拟，设计材料（material design）等。不过，这种运行能力也有助于对当前使用的加密算法进行解码，而这如用现有的技术来解码几乎是不可能的。
A quantum computer uses “qubits” that can exist in any superposition rather than bits （0 or 1） in a conventional device. Consequently, certain calculations can be performed simultaneously and far faster than ever before, solving problems that would require unattainable amounts of conventional computing power today. With operations that are thousands of times faster, quantum computers offer new possibilities, for instance, for searching large databases, for chemical or physical simulations, and in material design, etc. However, this operating power may also allow the decoding of currently used encryption algorithms that are practically impossible to decode with technologies available today.
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